Tech Terms Glossary
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Wow and flutter: Instantaneous variations in the rotational speed of the turntable platter. Also instantaneous speed changes in tape playback speed.
WRMS: Stands for the weighted root mean square, a method of using filters to give more "weight" to 4~6Hz modulations in the 3~4kHz region when making wow & flutter measurements since the ear is most sensitive to such speed fluctuations. Root mean square is a formula for deriving a virtual value from a fluctuating waveform. In contrast, sometimes wow & flutter is listed as a weighted peak (W peak value).
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Xmax: The maximum linear excursion of a loudspeaker voice coil while remaining within the magnetic flux field.
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Yagi: Popular design for home radio/TV antennas.
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Z: The nominal electromagnetic impedance of a loudspeaker or electronic system.
Zinc-carbon: Common, standard-output battery or cell using combinations of zinc and carbon compounds to create current flow. Made for light to medium duty devices with minimal or no motors or electrically-driven components. Known for low shelf-life, and leakage after electrical discharge. Examples: AA, AAA, C, D and others.
Zoom lens: A lens system that may be effectively used as a wide angle, standard or telephoto lens by varying the focal length of the lens.
Zoom ratio: The ratio of the starting focal length (wide position) to the ending focal length (telephoto position) of a zoom lens. A lens with a 10X zoom ratio will magnify the image at the wide angle end by 10 times.
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